The laser beam welding with brilliant solid-state lasers at atmospheric pressure produces a metal vapor plume above the vapor capillary. The vapor plume impacts the molten bath uncontrolled and causes spatter. In a vacuum, neither a vapor plume nor spatter arises. Therefore, the combination of vacuum and solid-state laser has the following advantages:

• better energy coupling requires lower beam power
• very good results in conditionally weldable materials
• Standard beam sources of competing producers
• one fast switchable laser source can supply several processing stations

• In the case of surface treatment by electron beam, the electrons are not optically reflected from shiny surfaces, in contrast to the photons of a laser. The variable electromagnetic Focus offers significant advantages to a 3D surface. Furthermore state of the art electro magnetic EB deflection is two magnituedes faster than mechanical laser deflection. In particular, the following surface modifications in series are therefore interesting:
  • Electron Beam hardening
  • Electron Beam remelting
  • Electron Beam surface structuring
  • Electron Beam engraving
  • Electron Beam polishing
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• • Pressing of plane surfaces under high vacuum at 60% to 90% of the lowest melting temperature of the material composite
  • Fast heating by electron beam
  • Atoms switch positions between the interface surfaces
  • Layer additive manufacturing of prepared sheets that form hollow structures such as cooling channels
  • Bonding of metallic materials (eg, tool steels) and non-metallic materials that are not weldable by fusion
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• Electron beam is particularly suitable for CNC-controlled wire or ribbon applicaton.
• Electon beam power is scalable at low cost per kW; This makes it ideal for high deposition rates with a wire.
• Since the laser doesn’t electrostatically charge up the powder particles it is predestined for applying powder using a nozzle.